ACL reconstruction surgery uses a graft (piece of bone, skin, or other tissue) to replace the ligament. The most common grafts are autografts using parts of your own body, such as the tendon of the kneecap (patellar tendon) or one of the hamstring tendons. Another choice is allograft tissue, which is taken from a deceased donor.
Repair surgery typically is used only in the case of an avulsion fracture (a separation of the ligament and a piece of the bone from the rest of the bone). In this case, the bone fragment connected to the ACL is reattached to the bone.

PCL Reconstruction

The posterior cruciate ligament is one of the main ligament in the back of the knee. It is one of the several ligaments that connect the femur (thighbone) to the tibia (shinbone). The posterior cruciate ligament keeps the tibia from moving backward too far. An injury to the posterior cruciate ligament can happen many ways. It typically requires a powerful force.

• A direct blow to the front of the knee (such as a bent knee hitting a dashboard in a car crash, or a fall onto a bent knee in sports
• Pulling or stretching the ligament.
• Simple misstep

However, PCL reconstruction is recommended for PCL tears that occur in combination with other ligament tears of the knee.